Magnetic materials play an important role in conventional data storage and information processing devices due to the exceptional stability of the magnetic state and their energy-efficient operation. As the system size approaches the nanometer scale and faster operations become necessary, thermal and quantum fluctuations progressively assume a pronounced role. While the fluctuations threaten the high stability of magnetic structures, they also give rise to fundamentally novel phenomena which may find applications in neuromorphic, stochastic or quantum computing paradigms.
In this talk, I will give an overview of my recent theoretical research activities in the field of nanomagnetism. When the orientation of the magnetic moments changes on the atomic scale, non-collinear spin structures such as magnetic skyrmions are formed. The effect of thermal fluctuations on the movement and lifetime of skyrmions will be discussed. The excitations of magnetically ordered systems are known as magnons. The influence of thermal noise and dissipation on the magnon frequencies will be explored. When the nanoscale magnetic structures are brought in proximity of a conventional superconductor, Yu-Shiba-Rusinov bound states emerge. The role of the magnetic configuration on the energies of the Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states will be explained. Promising avenues for future research in this field will be summarized at the end.

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